《Polymer Chemistry（双语教学用）》作为双语教学的英文教材，注重启发，易于理解和接受，习题典型；科学性、实践性和综合性都很强，具有使用价值。

　　The textbook is divided into eight chapters.In the introduction,the basic concept of polymer,classification and nomenclature of polymer,reaction type of polymer,development history of polymer and application of polymer are introduced in brief.In the next six chapters,free radical polymerization,free radical copolymerization,ionic polymerization,step polymerization,ring-opening polymerization and chemical reactions of polymers are introduced in detail.The implementation methods of polymerization are introduced systematically in the last chapter.The new words and terminology are noted in Chinese in detail,and the large exercises are attached at the end of each chapter,which is helpful for the students who are new to polymer chemistry to study smoothly.
　　This book is used as the textbook for colleges and universities.It is suitable for the major of Polymer Materials and Engineering,Material Chemistry,Material Science and Engineering,New Energy Materials and Devices,New Energy Materials and Engineering,Chemical Engineering and Technology,Applied Chemistry in engineering,Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Analytical 　　　Chemistry,Polymer Chemistry and Polymer Physics in science,and Chemistry in normal colleges.It can also be used as the reference for junior college,scientific researchers and production technicians.
　　《Polymer Chemistry(双语教学用)》共分8章。首先在绪论中介绍了聚合物的基本概念、聚合物的分类和命名、聚合物的反应类型、聚合物的发展历程、聚合物的应用等。接下来6章分别就自由基聚合、自由基共聚、离子聚合、逐步聚合、开环聚合、聚合物的化学反应进行详细介绍。最后1章较系统地介绍聚合实施方法。书中对专业生词和专业术语做了较详细的中文注解，另每章后都附有习题，有利于初接触到高分子化学的学生顺利学习。
　　本书适合作为高等院校教材，适用于工科的高分子材料与工程、材料化学、材料科学与工程、新能源材料与器件、新能源材料与工程、化学工程与工艺和应用化学专业，理科的化学、有机化学、分析化学、高分子化学及物理专业，师范院校的化学专业。也可供大专院校师生以及科研人员和生产技术人员参考。

内容提要
Preface
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BASIC CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
1.1.1 Monomers and Polymers
1.1.2 Structural Unit and Repeating Unit
1.1.3 Dimers，Trimers and Oligomers
1.1.4 Linear Polymers
1.1.5 Branched Polymers
1.1.6 Crosslinked Polymers
1.1.7 Stars and Dendrimers
1.1.8 Ladder Polymers
1.1.9 Copolymers
1.2 AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT AND DISTRIBUTION
1.3 TYPES OF POLYMERS AND POLYMERIZATIONS
1.3.1 Condensation Reactions
1.3.2 Addition Reactions
1.3.3 Ring-opening Polymerizations
1.4 POLYMERIZATION MECHANISM
1.4.1 Step Polymerization
1.4.2 Chain Polymerization
1.4.3 Comparison of Step and Chain Polymerization
1.5 NOMENCLATURE OF POLYMERS
1.5.1 Nomenclature Based on Source
1.5.2 Nomenclature Based on Structure（Non-IUPAC）
1.5.3 Trade Name
1.5.4 IUPAC Structure-Based Nomenclature System
1.6 A BRIEF HISTORY OF SYNTHETIC POLYMERS
1.6.1 1838-1930’s
1.6.2 1930-1945’s
1.6.3 1945-1960’s
1.6.4 1960-1980’s
1.6.5 1980-2000’s
1.6.6 2000-2018’s
1.6.7 Prospect of Polymer Materials
1.7 HISTORY OF NOBEL PRIZES FOR POLYMER SCIENCE
1.8 APPLICATION OF POLYMERS
Exercises 1
Chapter 2 FREE-RADICAL POLYMERIZATION
2.1 INTRODUCE
2.1.1 Initiators
2.1.2 Monomers
2.1.3 Solvents and Systems
2.2 INITIATION
2.2.1 Initiation by Thermal Decomposition of Initiators
2.2.2 Initiation by Redox Reactions
2.2.3 Initiation by Photolytic and Ionizing Radiation
2.2.4 Reactions of Initiator Radicals with Monomers
2.3 RADICAL CHAIN PROPAGATION
2.4 CHAIN TRANSFER REACTIONS
2.5 FREE RADICAL CHAIN TERMINATION
2.6 KINECTICS OF FREE RADICAL POLYMERIZATION
2.6.1 Approximations
2.6.2 Steady-state Concentrations of the Propagating Radicals
2.6.3 Theoretic Rate of Polymerization
2.7 AVERAGE KINETIC CHAIN LENGTH
2.8 AVERAGE DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION AND AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT
2.9 EFFECT OF CHAIN TRANSFER ON AVERAGE DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION
2.10 DEPENDENCE OF THE DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION ON TEMPERATURE
2.11 DISTRIBUTION OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT
2.11.1 Disproportionation Termination
2.11.2 Combination Termination
2.12 INHIBITOR AND RETARDER
Exercises 2
Chapter 3 FREE-RADICAL COPOLYMERIZATION
3.1 TYPES AND NAMENCLATURE OF COPOLYMERS
3.2 REACTIVITY RATIO AND COPOLYMER COMPOSITION EQUATION
3.3 COPOLYMERIZATION BEHAVIOR
3.3.1 Ideal Copolymerization
3.3.2 Alternating Copolymerization
3.3.3 Non-ideal Copolymerization
3.3.4 "Block" Copolymerization
3.4 EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF ACTIVITY RATIOS
3.5 VARIATION OF COPOLYMER COMPOSITION WITH CONVERSION
3.6 EFFECT OF MONOMER STRUCTURE ON REACTIVITY
3.6.1 Conjugation Effect
3.6.2 Polarity Effect
3.6.3 Steric Effect
3.7 Q-e EQUATIONS
3.8 DISTRIBUTION OF MONOMERS IN A COPOLYMER
Exercises 3
Chapter 4 IONIC POLYMERIZATION
4.1 ANIONIC POLYMERIZATION
4.1.1 Initiators for Anionic Polymerization
4.1.2 Monomers for Anionic Polymerization
4.1.3 Solvents
4.1.4 The Mechanism of Anionic Polymerization（General）
4.1.5 Living Polymers and Copolymerization
4.2 COORDINATION POLYMERIZATION
4.2.1 Ziegler-Natta Catalyst
4.2.2 Composition of the Catalyst
4.2.3 Polymerization Mechanism
4.3 CATIONIC POLYMERIZATION
4.3.1 Initiators for Cationic Polymerization
4.3.2 Monomers for Cationic Polymerization
4.3.3 The Mechanism of Cationic Polymerization
4.3.4 Special Characteristics of Classical Cationic Polymerizations
4.4 KINETICS OF IONIC POLYMERIZATION
4.4.1 Anionic Polymerization
4.4.2 Cationic Polymerization
Exercises 4
Chapter 5 STEP POLYMERIZATION
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.1.1 Types of Condensation Reactions
5.1.2 Requirements for High Molecular Weight
5.2 SPECIFIC CONDENSATION POLYMERIZATIONS
5.2.1 Linear Polyesters
5.2.2 Branched and Crosslinked Polyesters
5.2.3 Polycarbonates
5.2.4 Polyamides（nylons）
5.3 KINETICS OF STEP POLYMERIZATION
5.3.1 Equal Reactivity of Functional Groups
5.3.2 Rate of Polymerization Reactions
5.3.3 Kinetics of Polyesterification
5.4 TIME DEPENDENCE OF THE AVERAGE DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION
5.5 MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTIONS
5.6 EFFECT OF NONSTOICHIOMETRIC REACTANT RATIOS
5.7 BRANCHED AND CROSSLINKED CONDENSATION POLYMERS
5.8 THE METHOD OF STEP POLYMERIZATION
5.8.1 Melt Condensation Polymerization
5.8.2 Solution Polymerization
5.8.3 Interfacial Polycondensation
5.8.4 Solid Phase Polycondensation
5.9 RANDOM PREPOLYMERS AND STRUCTURE PREPOLYMERS
5.9.1 Random Performed Polymers
5.9.2 Structure Prepolymers
Exercises 5
Chapter 6 RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION
6.1 INTRODUCTION
6.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF RING-OPENING POLY-MERIZATION
6.3 POLYMERIZATION ABILITY OF CYCLIC MONOMERS
6.4 THERMODYNAMICS OF RING-OPENING POLYME-RIZATION OF CYCLOALKANES
6.5 THERMODYNAMIC AND KINETIC CHARACTERIS-TICS OF CYCLOALKANE POLYMERIZATION
6.6 IMPORTANT RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION IN INDUSTRY
6.6.1 Cyclic Ether
6.6.2 Cationic Ring-opening Polymerization of Carbonyl Compounds and Acetals
6.6.3 Ring-opening Polymerization of Cyclic Amides
6.6.4 Cyclosiloxane
Exercises 6
Chapter 7 REACTIONS OF SYNTHETIC POLYMERS
7.1 REACTIONS INVOLVING THE MAIN CHAIN
7.1.1 Addition Reactions
7.1.2 Reactions that Generate Skeletal Unsaturation
7.1.3 Hydrolytic Chain Cleavage
7.1.4 Enzymatic Degradation of Synthetic Polymers
7.1.5 Oxidation Reactions
7.1.6 High Temperature Degradation Reactions
7.1.7 Electron Beam Depolymerization
7.2 REACTIONS INVOLVING THE SIDE GROUPS
7.2.1 Principles of Polymer Reactivity
7.2.2 Hydrolysis of Side Group Structures
7.2.3 Chloromethylation of Polystyrene
7.3 GRAFT POLYMER FORMATION
7.4 CROSS-LINKING REACTION
7.5 SURFACE REACTIONS OF POLYMERS
7.5.1 Surface Fluorination
7.5.2 Surface Nitrification and Sulfonation
7.5.3 Surface Oxidation
Exercises 7
Chapter 8 METHODS OF POLYMERIZATION
8.1 BULK （MASS） POLYMERIZATION
8.2 SOLUTION POLYMERIZATION
8.3 SUSPENSION POLYMERIZATION
8.4 EMULSION POLYMERIZATION
8.4.1 Description of Process
8.4.2 Quantitative Aspects
8.4.3 Other Characteristics of Emulsion Polymerization
8.4.4 Soap-Free Emulsion Polymerization
8.4.5 Inverse Emulsion Polymerization
8.4.6 Miniemulsion Polymerization
8.4.7 Microemulsion Polymerization
8.4.8 Seed Emulsion Polymerization
8.4.9 Core-shell Emulsion Polymerization
8.4.10 Dispersion Polymerization
8.4.11 Living Radical Polymerization
Exercises 8
REFERENCE

　　Preface
　　Polymer chemistry is a compulsory basic course of polymeric materials and engineering and interrelated specialities in engineering colleges.It is also listed as a compulsory or optional course for students majoring in science in universities of science and technology and chemistry in teacher universities.In addition，many non-polymer majors are also engaged in polymer research，production and application after graduation because of the large production，variety，wide application and high economic benefits of polymers.In particular，the internationalization of China’s development requires that trained students can engage in scientific research，production technology and management abroad.This is urgently required for a bilingual textbook or a reference book with high value in English and Chinese.
　　There are many English textbooks for polymer chemistry in foreign countries.Because there are so many local words and unfamiliar words，even university teachers have difficulty in dealing with the skimming and scanning.It is difficult to find suitable original English textbook for the students in local universities in China to master professional vocabulary and professional knowledge.Therefore，on the basis of our fifteen years' experience in bilingual teaching，a bilingual textbook on polymer chemistry has been written to suit for local universities in China.Try to be literal and easy to understand，and professional words and new words are annotated in Chinese.To improve the readability and applicability of the textbook，it offers opportunities for students from a variety of backgrounds to gain basic knowledge，understanding and skills in polymer materials.
　　In the teaching plan of polymer materials and engineering specialty，there are courses such as polymer chemistry，polymer physics（structure and performance），fundamentals of polymer molding and processing.In this case，the emphasis of polymer chemistry should be put on the principle of polymerization，but relationship between structure，properties and application should not be neglected.In the introduction of this textbook，the basic concepts of polymers，molecular weight and distribution of polymers，microstructure，classification of polymers，types of polymerization reactions，nomenclature of polymers，and development history of polymers are highlighted one by one in order to draw attention to them and hopefully penetrate them into later chapters.When we need to know more about these contents，we should refer to other textbooks or monographs.
　　From the point of view of polymer materials，the synthesis，structure，properties and applications of polymers can be introduced according to the types of polymers.This book，on the one hand，is classified according to polymerization mechanism，kinetics and polymerization methods，and then discusses free radical polymerization，free radical copolymerization，ionic polymerization（including anionic polymerization，coordination polymerization and cationic polymerization），step polymerization，chemical reactions of polymers and polymerization methods in turn.On the other hand，ring-opening polymerization includes anionic polymerization，cationic polymerization and step polymerization，so it is written as an indepen-dent chapter.This will contribute to deepen the problem.
　　The three chapters of free-radical polymerization，free-radical copolymerization and step polymerization are the major ones，and their theoretical system and content are the most mature.At the same time，students should be aware that the material literature in ionic po-lymerization and coordination polymerization are very abundant，however，from the overall opinion，theoretical research is still in immature，imperfect stage.Therefore，we only introduce the basic concepts，basic principles and other basic knowledge in these chapters.In general polymer chemistry textbooks，except for emulsion polymerization，the other polymerization methods are very brief.Considering that there is not the course of polymer production technology in many engineering colleges and universities，and that polymerization mechanism and kinetics should be closely related to practice，this book extends the content of polymerization method（process）appropriately from polymerization reaction engineering，and gives some examples.The chapter on chemical reactions of polymers，especially the rapid development of functional polymers in recent years，covers a wide range of topics.Each section of this chapter can be developed into an independent course or monograph.Unfortunately，under the condition of limited space，we can only comprehensively consider the content of each part，and make a brief introduction not in-depth discussion.The purpose is to give students some ideas in order to open up their horizons and broaden thinking.
　　The structure and form of olefin monomers have little change by chain polymerization，but the properties of polymers are obviously different.However，the monomers with functional groups can form condensate polymers with different structures and properties after condensation or step polymerization.Therefore，in the chapter of step polymerization，the syntheses of many kinds of condensate polymers are introduced systematically through the practical application on the mechanism of condensation polymerization and polymerization methods.Such treatment can reflect the diversity of condensation polymerization and supplement much knowledge about condensate polymers.
　　This book was written by Ming Zhou and Jialin Dai.Chapters 1-6 were written by professor Zhou of Southwest Petroleum University.Chapters 7 and 8 were written by professor Dai of Southwest Petroleum University.Professor Zhou revised the whole textbook.Zhou’s postgraduates Yiping Chen，Yinghua Gu and Rongjun Yi helped to change the format and handle words.
　　Ming Zhou

　　Polymers（聚合物）are macromolecules（molecular weight ～10000 or greater）built up by linking large numbers of smaller molecules together.Polymers are complex and giant molecules and different from low molecular weight compounds such as common salt sodium chloride（氯化钠）.The molecular weight of sodium chloride is only 58.5，while that of polymers can be up to as high as several hundred thousand，even more than thousand thousand.The small molecules that combine with each other to form polymer molecules are termed as monomers（单体），and the reaction that small molecules become polymer molecules is termed as polymerization（聚合反应）.This interlinking of many units has given the polymer its name，with poly meaning "many" and mer meaning "part".As an example，a gaseous compounds called ethylene（乙烯），with a molecular weight of 28，combines nearly 5×103 times and gives a polymer known as polyethylene（聚乙烯）（a synthetic plastic）with about 1.4×105molecular weight.
　　Polymer is defined as a substance composed of thousands of small molecules which have long sequences（序列）of one or more species（种类）of atoms or atom groups linked to each other by primary covalent bonds.Usually，a molecule is considered to be polymer or macromolecular when it only exhibits the typical properties of high molecular weight substances.
　　Polymer chemistry is a multidisciplinary（多学科的）science that deals with the chemical synthesis and chemical properties of polymers.The challenge in polymer chemistry is the application of fundamental chemical and physical techniques and ideas to large and complex molecules.It is obvious that polymer chemistry，perhaps more than any other research area，is often related to organic，inorganic，physical，and analytical chemistry；physics；engineering；biology；advanced mathematics；electronics and even medicine.A beginner to polymer science needs to be able to blend knowledge together from all these fields.