内容简介
本真题试卷收录了考研英语（二）出现至今的所有真题（2010~2020），共计11套，所有试题均单独成册，每套试题的排版都与实考真题一致，字号大，左页“原文”，右页“题目”，100%还原真题形式，使做题、模考更高效。
每套真题试卷提供标准答案、参考译文及参考范文，可供考生快速检验测试结果，了解自身的备考状态。同时，每套真题试卷提供重难点真题词汇供考生在线学习，通过扫描试卷上的配套二维码，即可获取。
精彩书摘
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Being a good parent is what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very 1 , particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than, 2 , a younger one.
3 , there’s another sort of parent that’s easier to 4 : a patient parent. Children of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still, 5 every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy 6 . Sometimes, parents get exhausted and are unable to maintain a 7 style with their kids. I understand this.
You’re only human, and sometimes your kids can 8 you just a little too far. And then the 9 happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was too 10 and does nobody any good. You wish that you could 11 the clock and start over. We’ve all been there.
12 , even though it’s common, it’s vital to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may 13 for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also 14 your child’s self-esteem.
If you consistently lose your 15 with your kids, then you are modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the 16 of modeling patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to maintain emotional control when 17 by stress is one of the most significant of all life’s skills.
Certainly, it’s 18 to maintain patience at all times with your kids. A more practical goal is to try to be as calm as you can when faced with 19 situations involving your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward this goal, you and your children will benefit and 20 from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.
1. [A] pleasant [B] tedious [C] tricky [D] instructive
2. [A] for example [B] in addition [C] at once [D] by accident
3. [A] Eventually [B] Occasionally [C] Accordingly [D] Fortunately
4. [A] amuse [B] describe [C] assist [D] train
5. [A] once [B] because [C] unless [D] while
6. [A] task [B] answer [C] choice [D] access
7. [A] formal [B] tolerant [C] rigid [D] critical
8. [A] move [B] push [C] drag [D] send
9. [A] mysterious [B] illogical [C] inevitable [D] suspicious
10. [A] boring [B] harsh [C] naive [D] vague
11. [A] take apart [B] turn back [C] set aside [D] cover up
12. [A] Overall [B] Instead [C] Otherwise [D] However
13. [A] believe [B] miss [C] regret [D] like
14. [A] affect [B] raise [C] justify [D] reflect
15. [A] bond [B] time [C] cool [D] race
16. [A] nature [B] secret [C] context [D] importance
17. [A] cheated [B] defeated [C] confronted [D] confused
18. [A] hard [B] terrible [C] strange [D] wrong
19. [A] exciting [B] changing [C] surprising [D] trying
20. [A] emerge [B] hide [C] withdraw [D] escape
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
Rats and other animals need to be highly attuned to social signals from others so they can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Laleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.
They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat—one social and one asocial—for four days. The robot rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels to move around and colourful markings.
During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened cage doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side.
Next, the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever. Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being. They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing. This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn.
“Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of reciprocal help and cooperation, including what is referred to as direct reciprocity—where a rat will help another rat that has previously helped them,” says Quinn.
The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels. “We’d assumed we’d have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scent on it to make it smell like a real rat, but that wasn’t necessary,” says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia, who helped with the research.
The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings, even when they display only simple social signals. “We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turns out other animals are too,” says Wiles.
21. Quinn and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can __________.
[A] pick up social signals from non-living rats
[B] distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one
[C] attain sociable traits through special training
[D] send out warning messages to their fellows
22. What did the asocial robot do during the experiment?
[A] It followed the social robot.
[B] It moved around alone.
[C] It set the trapped rats free.
[D] It played with some toys.
23. According to Quinn, the rats released the social robot because they __________.
[A] tried to practise a means of escape
[B] considered that an interesting game
[C] wanted to display their intelligence
[D] expected it to do the same in return
24. Janet Wiles notes that rats __________.
[A] can remember other rats’ facial features
[B] differentiate smells better than sizes
[C] can be scared by a plastic box on wheels
[D] respond more to actions than to looks
25. It can be learned from the text that rats __________.
[A] appear to be adaptable to new surroundings
[B] are more sensitive to social cues than expected
[C] behave differently from children in socializing
[D] are more socially active than other animals
